Disease-free plants can be obtained through tissue culture by isolating the virus-free meristem of an infected plant. This allows for the production of healthy plants unaffected by the disease.
The meristem, which is the growing tip of a plant, can be carefully excised and cultured in vitro to produce new, healthy plants free from the virus. This technique offers a reliable way to propagate disease-free crops, ensuring higher yields and better plant health in agricultural settings.
Even if the plant is infected with a virus, the meristem (apical and axillary) is free of virus. Hence, one can remove the meristem and grow it in vitro to obtain virus-free plants.
What plants are resistant to disease?
Plants resistant to disease show consistent health and structural integrity despite external factors. Disease resistance in plants results from stable physiological processes that safeguard against disruptions in growth and functions. Plant diseases are broadly categorized into infectious and non-infectious types, based on the underlying causative agents.
Which factors are most responsible for disease in plant?
Factors most responsible for plant disease include sulfur (S), a key plant macronutrient crucial for disease resistance. Sulfur deficiency can weaken plant immune systems, making them more susceptible to diseases. Additionally, environmental factors like excess moisture and certain pathogens can also contribute significantly to plant diseases. Regular monitoring of sulfur levels and proper plant care can help prevent such issues.
What is necessary for plants to be susceptible to disease?
Plants are susceptible to disease when specific genes and plant-pathogen interactions occur. For instance, barley MLO is vulnerable to powdery mildew, wheat Lr34 to leaf rust, and wheat Yr36 to wheat stripe rust. Various mechanisms of resistance are observed, varying with the gene and plant-pathogen connection involved.
What makes a plant susceptible to disease?
Plants are susceptible to disease due to their lack of disease resistance. Disease resistance is essential for ensuring food production and reducing the use of agricultural resources like land, water, and fuel. This resistance helps plants ward off harmful pathogens and maintain their health and productivity. Additionally, genetic factors and environmental conditions also play a significant role in determining a plant’s susceptibility to disease.
What are the 4 components of the disease pyramid?
The 4 components of the disease pyramid are the presence of a pathogen, a susceptible host, environmental conditions conducive to disease development, and time for the interaction to occur. This concept emphasizes the multifactorial nature of disease occurrence and spread in populations. Understanding these components is crucial for effective disease management strategies in agriculture and public health.
What does highly resistant to disease mean?
High resistance to disease means the host can limit pathogen growth, reducing host fecundity loss and pathogen transmission without affecting the likelihood of infection (avoidance).
1. Resistance helps host organisms control pathogen growth.
2. It lessens loss of host reproduction due to infection.
3. It decreases pathogen transmission without affecting infection risk.
What is the disease plant triangle?
The disease plant triangle refers to the concept that three conditions must be present for a disease problem to occur: a pathogen, a susceptible plant host, and favorable environmental conditions. This theory highlights the interconnected nature of these elements in the development of plant diseases.
1. Pathogen: The disease-causing agent.
2. Host: The plant species vulnerable to the pathogen.
3. Environmental Conditions: Factors like temperature and humidity that promote disease development.
Which macronutrient increases plant resistance to disease?
Sulfur is the macronutrient that boosts plant resistance to disease.
1. Sulfur enhances the production of defense compounds in plants.
2. It aids in the formation of proteins that combat pathogens.
3. Sulfur is crucial for the synthesis of compounds that promote plant immunity.
4. Adequate sulfur levels contribute to overall plant health and resilience against diseases.
Why is plant resistance important?
Plant resistance is crucial for enhancing crop productivity and decreasing reliance on chemical treatments. Most commercialized GMO crops are engineered to be insect resistant or herbicide tolerant, showing the potential of biotechnology in developing disease-resistant plants. This resistance helps protect crops from pests and diseases, leading to higher yields and sustainable agricultural practices.
What are the three parts that must be present in the disease triangle?
The three essential components of the disease triangle are a susceptible host, a pathogen, and environmental conditions conducive to disease development. To amplify the understanding of disease transmission dynamics, it’s crucial to consider factors influencing each component such as host immunity, pathogen virulence, and environmental factors like temperature and humidity. Additionally, intervention strategies often target one or more of these components to mitigate disease spread effectively.
Is disease resistance inherited?
**Answer**: Yes, disease resistance is inherited, and developing disease-resistant plants involves ongoing efforts. Techniques such as using mutation-inducing chemicals and exposing plants to ultraviolet light and X-rays are employed to induce gene changes.
**Relevant information**:
1. Selective breeding plays a crucial role in enhancing disease resistance in plants.
2. Genetic engineering techniques are utilized to introduce specific resistance genes into plant genomes.
3. Crossbreeding different plant varieties can lead to the development of offspring with improved disease resistance.
What is the disease triangle in plant pathology?
The disease triangle in plant pathology involves three key factors: a susceptible host plant, a pathogen capable of causing disease, and the right environmental conditions for disease development.
1. Exclusion: Prevention of pathogens from entering and establishing in uninfested crops.
2. Eradication: Complete removal of the pathogen from the plant or field.
3. Protection: Implementing measures to shield plants from pathogen attacks.
4. Resistance: Developing or using resistant plant varieties.
5. Therapy: Treating plants with appropriate methods to manage diseases.
6. Avoidance: Measures to prevent the spread of diseases through insect vectors and weed hosts.
Which explant is used to obtain a disease free plant?
Final answer: The plant part that is used as an explant to generate a disease-free plant is the shoot tip.
What is the best method to obtain virus free plants from tissue culture?
There is no effective chemical control method against viruses directly. For this reason, the most common method for obtaining virus-free plant is meristem culture technique.
What is the order to obtain virus free plants through?
So, the correct answer is ‘Meristem culture’
Can tissue propagation make plants resistant to disease?
Tissue culture has been significant role in producing disease free planting materials of vegetative propagated crops in horticulture industry of many countries. Among these crops potato, sweet potato, banana and citrus are the major crops being propagated intensively to produce disease free planting materials.
How do you control plant viruses?
Start with virus-free plants. Use certified virus-free seed, use tomato/tobacco/pepper seed treated to remove tobamoviruses. Select transplants that have not been produced near production fields. Prevent movement of virus-infect plants through experimental sources (new breeding lines, germplasm, etc.)
In conclusion, tissue culture is a valuable technique for producing disease-free plants by carefully sterilizing and propagating plant tissues in a controlled environment. By following strict protocols and monitoring for contamination, plant tissue culture can help to eliminate pathogens and produce healthy plants with desirable traits. With continued research and advancements in tissue culture technology, we can further enhance the production of disease-resistant plants to meet the growing demand for sustainable agriculture and conservation efforts. Ultimately, tissue culture offers a promising solution for ensuring a reliable and healthy supply of plants for various applications in agriculture, horticulture, and environmental restoration.